使句子多樣化的雅思寫作技巧
一篇好文章的條件很多。除了內容豐富和組織緊密之外,詞匯的運用和句子的.處理,也起著決定性作用。
句子可長可短,同一件事,可以用不同的句式表達。如果句子清一色是簡單句,文章必定很單調乏味。如果全篇充滿了冗長的復雜句,讀起來也很費力。最好的方法是以簡單句為基礎,配合適當的并列句和復雜句。簡單句可長可短,通常要加些附屬成分,如分詞短語、介詞短語、副詞短語、不定式動詞短語,以及節縮成分。
總之,作者可根據情況,使句子多樣化,使文章靈活多姿。例如下列五個句子的基本概念一樣,但是句式不同,內容重點也有些差別:
(1)Thegoatsgrazedpeacefullyinthefarmandwereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.(并列分句(1)+2)
(2)Grazingpeacefully,thegoatsinthefarmwereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.(現在分語短語+簡單句)
(3)Inthefarm,thegoatsgrazedpeacefullyandwereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.(副詞短語+并列分句(1)-(2))
(4)Thereweregoatsgrazingpeacefullyinthefarm,unawareoftheapproachinghunter.(簡單句+形容語短語)
(5)Asthegoatsgrazedpeacefullyinthefarm,theywereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.(原因副詞從句+主句)
(1)和(5)的句式最常見;如果加上其他三種互相交替,句子不是更多樣化嗎?
最后,看看這兩個句子要如何多樣化呢?
(6)Theyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastraining.
(7)Hefeltveryuneasy.
(a)Theyoungpilotonhisfirstoverseastrainingfeltveryuneasy.
(b)Theyoungpilotfeltveryuneasyduringhisfirstoverseastraining.
(c)Theyoungpilot’’’’’’’’sfirstoverseastrainingmadehimfeelveryuneasy.
(d)Extremeuneasinessseizedtheyoungpilotonhisfirstoverseastraining.
(e)Theyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastraining,feelingveryuneasy.
(f)Itbeinghisfirstoverseastraining,theyoungpilotfeltveryuneasy.
(g)Beingonhisfirstoverseastraining,theyoungpilotfeltveryuneasy.
(h)Theyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastrainingandfeltveryuneasy.
(i)Theyoungpilot,whowasonhisfirstoverseastraining,feltveryuneasy.
(j)Whentheyoungpilotwasonhis/firstoverseastrainging,hefeltveryuneasy.
(k)Astheyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastraining,hefeltveryuneasy.
(l)Theyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastraining,sothathefeltveryuneasy.
在上述12個句子中,(a)-(g)是簡單句;(h)是并列句;(i)-(l)是復雜句。簡單句除(b)和(g)之外,其他五樣,用的人并不多。人們最喜歡采用復雜句,尤其是(j)和(k)這兩款;接著便是并列句(h)。如果大多數人的句子只限于(b),(g),(h),(j)和(k)這五種,而其他的則棄如敝屣,不是很可惜嗎?