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定語從句修飾整個句子的情況分析

時間:2022-03-21 08:23:30 優(yōu)美句子 我要投稿

定語從句修飾整個句子的情況分析匯總

  在平日的學(xué)習(xí)、工作和生活里,大家都知道一些經(jīng)典的句子吧,在不同類型的文章里,不同位置的句子的作用也是不同的。那什么樣的句子才具有啟發(fā)意義呢?以下是小編為大家收集的定語從句修飾整個句子,供大家參考借鑒,希望可以幫助到有需要的朋友。

定語從句修飾整個句子的情況分析匯總

  定語從句修飾整個句子的情況分析

  定語從句用來對名詞或代詞進(jìn)行修飾,它由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo),其中的關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞在從句中也充當(dāng)一定的成分。例如:

  the man who never gives up 永不放棄的人 (關(guān)系代詞who做從句中的主語)

  the house where he used to live 他過去住過的房子 (關(guān)系副詞where做從句中的狀語)

  粗體部分分別是由who和where引導(dǎo)的從句,用來修飾名詞the man和the house,稱為定語從句。被它所修飾的那個名詞the man和the house叫做先行詞,定語從句通常緊跟在先行詞后。又例如:

  The boy who visited me was one of my students. 看我的那個孩子是我的一個學(xué)生。(先行詞為人)

  A plane is a machine that can fly. 飛機(jī)是會飛的機(jī)器。(先行詞為物)

  Do you remember the day when he arrived? 你記得他到達(dá)的日子嗎?(先行詞為時間)

  He lives in a place where no one can find it. 他住在一個別人找不到的地方。(先行詞為地點)

  【拓展延伸】

  關(guān)系代詞的使用

  關(guān)系代詞的使用首先取決于先行詞是人還是物。它一方面用來引導(dǎo)定語從句,另一方面還在從句中充當(dāng)一定的成分。先請看這張表:

  ⑴ 關(guān)系代詞在從句中做主語,例如:

  This is the man who / that wants to see you. 這就是那個想見你的人。

  The girls who / that are coming are my students. 那些要來的孩子是我的學(xué)生。

  She was not on the train which / that arrived just now. 她不在剛到的那列火車上。

  說明:定語從句中謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)與先行詞一致

  ⑵ 關(guān)系代詞在從句中做賓語,例如

  The boy (who / whom / that) I know studies best in their class. 我認(rèn)識的那個孩子在他們班上學(xué)習(xí)最好。 Are they the players (who / whom / that) you talked about yesterday? 他們就是你昨天談?wù)摰倪\(yùn)動員嗎? The story (which / that) he told was very interesting. 他講的`故事非常有趣。

  說明:關(guān)系代詞在從句中做賓語時可以省略,尤其在口語中是如此。

  ⑶ 關(guān)系代詞在從句中做表語,例如:

  She decided to be the writer (that) her mother wanted her to be. 她決定做她母親希望她做的那樣的作家。 The house is not the one (that) it used to be. 那座房子已經(jīng)不是它過去那樣了。

  說明:關(guān)系代詞在從句中做表語時可以省略。

  ⑷ 關(guān)系代詞在從句中做名詞的定語,例如

  He is the man whose car was stolen. 他就是那個汽車被盜的人。

  The house whose / of which windows are big looks very beautiful. 那座窗戶很大的房子外觀很美。 說明:指物時,通常避免用whose,而用of which(尤其在正式場合中)。

  ⑸ 在以下情況中,關(guān)系代詞常用that,例如:

  ① 先行詞為all, anything, everything, nothing, much, none, little等不定代詞時。例如:

  Nothing (that) he said was true at all. 他所說的話一點也不真實。

  Everyone that / who knows him likes him. 每一個認(rèn)識他的人都喜歡他。

  ② 先行詞前有first, last, next, only, all等修飾語時。例如:

  The only thing (that) he did was to call the police. 他所做的唯一的事情就是報警。

  The first man (that) he mentioned yesterday was a driver. 他昨天提到的第一個人是一位駕駛員。

  ③ 先行詞前有形容詞最高級形式修飾時。例如:

  He was one of the greatest scientists that ever lived. 他是有史以來最偉大的科學(xué)家之一。

  That is the highest mountain (that) he has ever climbed. 那是他所攀登過的最高的山。

  關(guān)系副詞的使用:

  定語從句也可以由關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)。關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)狀語,常見的關(guān)系副詞有where(表地點)、when(表時間)和why(表原因)。例如:

  the house where we lived 我們住過的房子

  the day when we first met 我們第一次見面的日子

  the reason why he was late 他遲到的原因

  現(xiàn)舉例說明如下:

  ⑴ 關(guān)系副詞where(=介詞+which)在從句中用作地點狀語,其先行詞通常是表示地點的名詞,如house, school, city, village, place等。。例如:

  The building where / in which we are working was built five years ago. 我們工作所在的大樓是五年前蓋的。

  This is the playground where / on which they played football. 這就是他們踢足球的操場。

  ⑵ 關(guān)系副詞when(=介詞+which)在從句中用作時間狀語,其先行詞通常是表示時間的名詞,如day, year, last night等。例如:

  I’ll never forget the day when / on which I won the prize. 我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記我獲獎的日子。

  Do you remember the year when / in which she went abroad? 你記得她出國的那一年嗎?

  ⑶ 關(guān)系副詞why(= for which)在從句中用作原因狀語,它總是以the reason為先行詞,the reason why…意思是“的原因”。例如:

  Tell me the reason why / for which she was late. 請告訴我她遲到的原因。

  Give me one good reason why I should help you! 請擺出一個我應(yīng)該幫助你的正當(dāng)理由!

  ⑷ 在使用關(guān)系副詞時,要特別注意它的前面是否有先行詞。如果有先行詞則是定語從句,如果沒有先行詞則是其它從句。請比較:

  That is the place where he was born. 那是他出生的地方。 (定語從句)

  That is where he was born. 那是他的出生地。 (表語從句)

  定語從句as

  as引導(dǎo)的定語從句

  在一些習(xí)慣用法上,as能兼作關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞,經(jīng)常引導(dǎo)定語從句。

  慣用型1:

  such… as…像……一樣的

  the same…as…與……同樣的

  I seldom meetsucha beggarasI met today.

  我很少碰到今天這樣的乞丐。

  (as是代詞,在定語從句中作賓語)

  Please choosesuchapplesascan be put in my bracket.

  請選擇我能放入籃子里這樣的蘋果。

  (as在定語從句中作主語)

  I am notthe samekind of personasyou are.

  我可不是和你一類的人。

  (as在從句中作表語)

  You may takethe samebusaswe take.

  你可乘坐我們坐的同一輛大巴。

  (as在從句中作賓語)

  慣用型2:

  such as…

  在這種場合,such是代詞,表示“這種人、這種物”,as是關(guān)系代詞。

  He is notsuchasyou can imagine.

  他不是你能想象得到的那種人。

  We have got a lot of drinkssuchasyou can find in supermarkets.

  我們習(xí)了大量在超市能找到的那種飲料。

  慣用型3:

  as…

  …, as…

  as引導(dǎo)的定語從句,有時像非限制性定語從句一樣修飾整個主句或者主句的一部分,但它的位置比較靈活,可以放在被修飾的主句后面,也可以放在主句前面。

  例如:

  Asyou can see, we are all students.

  你能看得出,我們都是學(xué)生。

  =We are allstudents,asyou can see.

  =We are all students,whichyou can see.

  (這是詳細(xì)的解讀,大家請熟悉啊)

  Asyou know, we need to hurry up.

  大家知道,我們需要加快速度。

  He is not very honest,asyou have proved.

  她不是很誠實,這一點你已證實了。

  歡迎轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)啊~~~發(fā)動大家來做作業(yè),學(xué)英語~

  英語作業(yè)

  改錯(正確句子不改):

  6. I had a friend who working in a hi-tech company.

  7.Do you remember the fat man we talked 10 days ago?

  8.Don’t worry about the mistakes that you would possibly make.

  9.It was the day in which we got together.

  10.Is this the house which you are living?

  分析句子的英語語法結(jié)構(gòu),并翻譯成中文:

  Qatar could face further sanctions by Arab states as a deadline to accept a series of demands from its Gulf neighbours, including closing down the television network al-Jazeera, passes on Sunday night. Rex Tillerson, the US secretary of state, was working the phones to see whether acompromise could be reached but Qatari leaders have effectively rejected the 13demands tabled 10 days ago by Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Egypt and Bahrain.

  英語作業(yè)參考答案:

  我很想知道這是不是我的過錯,如果是,當(dāng)然我應(yīng)該向他道歉,如果不是,那是誰的錯呢?是他自己的錯嗎?突然,我有了一個好主意——我可以同他去談?wù)劇N蚁胨粫芙^與我交談的,因為我知道他是一個通情達(dá)理的人。

  I wondered whether it was my fault. If it was my fault, of course I should apologize to him. If it was not my fault, whose fault was it? Was it his own fault? Suddenly, I got a good idea that I could have a talk with him. I thought he wouldn't refuse to talk with me because I knew he was a reasonable man.

  定語從句that

  that常用作關(guān)系代詞,可指代某人,也可指代某物,指物時有的時候可用which替換that,指人時可用who替換。但在下列情況下,一般用that。

  一、that指代某物事時

  1.先行詞為all, few, little, much, the one, something, anything, everything, nothing等時。如:

  (1)We'll do all that we can to protect the endangered plants and animals.

  我們將盡我們的最大努力來保護(hù)那些瀕危的動植物。

  (2) There is much that I wan to tell you.

  我有很多想要告訴你的話。

  (3) Is there anything that I can do for you?

  有什么我可以幫你的嗎?

  2. 先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, (a)few, (a)little, much等限定詞修飾時。如:

  (4) You can borrow any book that you want to read in our school library.

  在我們圖書館,你可以借任何你想讀的書。

  3. 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾時。如:

  (5)This is the most beautiful city that I've ever seen.

  這是我見過的最漂亮的城市。

  4. 先行詞被the only, the very, the right, the last 等修飾時。如:

  (6)This is the very factory that they visited last summer holiday.

  這恰好是他們?nèi)ツ陞⒂^的那個工廠。

  (7)This is the only painting in this style that we have.

  這種風(fēng)格的畫我們僅有一幅。

  5. 先行詞是并列結(jié)構(gòu),既有人又有物時。如:

  (8)He talked happily of the writer and his books that interested him.

  6. 先行詞前有the same 修飾,表示和先行詞是同一物時。如:

  (9)This is the same purse that I lost yesterday.

  這就是我昨天丟的那個錢夾。

  注:如果表示的是與先行詞同一類或相似的某物,則用the same…as….如:

  (10)This is the same purse as I lost yesterday.

  這個錢夾和我昨天丟的那個一樣。

  7. 先行詞為數(shù)詞時。

  (11)Look at the books on the bookshelf. You can see the two that you bought me for my birthday.

  瞧書架上那些書。你可以看到我過生日時你買的那兩本。

  8. 如果which引導(dǎo)的定語從句中又含有一個定語從句,為避免重復(fù),第二個定語從句用that。如:

  (12)They built a factory which produced things that had never been seen.

  他們建了一工廠,生產(chǎn)以前從未見過的東西。

  9. 以which作主語開頭的特殊問句,為了避免重復(fù),定語從句用that。如。

  (13)Which is the bus that you will take?

  你要乘的是哪一班車?

  10. 關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作表語時,而且通常省略。如:

  (14)My hometown is no longer the place that it used to be.

  我的家鄉(xiāng)再也不是以前那個樣子了。

  11. 關(guān)系代詞在there be 句型中作主語時,而且常可以省略。如:

  (15)This is the fastest train (that) there has ever been.

  這是有史以來最快的列車。

  二、that 指代某人時。

  1. 泛指某人時。如:

  (16)He is a man that is never at a loss.

  他是一個從未一籌莫展的人。

  2. 主句是以作主語的who開頭的特殊問句,為了避免重復(fù)時。如:

  (17)Who is the person that is talking with our headmaster?

  和我們校長說話的那人是誰?

  3. 先行詞前有the same時。如:

  (18)This is the same man that gave us a talk last year.

  這和去年給我們作報告的是同一人。

  4. 關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作表語時。如:

  (19)He has changed. He was not the man (that) he was 10 years ago.

  他變了。他再也不是10年前的他了。

  另外,that也可用作關(guān)系副詞,表示時間、地點、原因和方式,在口語中可以用來代替when, where, why 引導(dǎo)的定語從句。在以下名詞day, year, time, moment, reason, place等作先行詞時,可用that作關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句。如:

  (20)I'll never forget the day (that) I joined the League.

  我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記我入團(tuán)的那一天。

  (21)Is this the reason (that) they were late for the meeting?

  這就是他們開會遲到的原因嗎?

  (22)We want to find a place (that) we can have a picnic.

  我們想找一個我們能野餐的地方。

  (23)This is the first time that I have been abroad for traveling.

  這是我第一次到國外去旅游。

  (注:先行詞是time,前面有序數(shù)詞或last修飾時,常用that引導(dǎo)定語從句或者省略。)

  當(dāng)先行詞為表示方式的詞the way時,可用that引導(dǎo)定語從句, that常可以省略。

  (24)I don't the way you speak to her.

  我不喜歡你和她說話那種方式。

  such as定語從句

  先做一道題:

  There was a look of fear in his eye, __________ people have when they are suddenly awakened.

  A、much as

  B、such as

  C、just as

  D、even as

  【答案】 B

  【題意】他流露出一種恐懼的眼神,就像人們突然驚醒的時候的那種眼神。

  句中的 such 是名詞,即指代前面的 a look of fear。其后接 as 引導(dǎo)的定語從句加以修飾說明。表示舉例,意為“諸如此類的”、“像……那樣的”,用法同such as 的舉例,such as 后常接名詞,也可接句子。

  比較下列句子:

  TherearefewpoetssuchasKeatsandShelly.(such as 后接名詞)

  像濟(jì)慈和雪萊這樣的詩人現(xiàn)在很少了。

  Don’tdoanythingsillysuchasmarryhim.(such as 后接句子)

  不要做什么蠢事,比如說去嫁給他。

  看更多例子:

  1、Then I decided to leave, feeling a weight at my heart, such as I have never

  had before.

  然后我決定離開,心里感到一種以前從來沒有過的心情。

  2、We had hoped to give you a chance,such as nobody else ever had.

  我們本來希望給你一次機(jī)會,一個別人從來沒有過的機(jī)會。

  3、HedescribeshappeningssuchasIseearoundme.

  他所描寫的事情就象我看到在我周圍所發(fā)生的。

  4、Ihavenoaspirationssuchasyouimputetome.

  我可沒有你歸罪于我的這些欲望。

  such + as 引導(dǎo)的定語從句還可用作主語或賓語。 如 such 指代人,相當(dāng)于 those who; 如 such 指代物,相當(dāng)于 what 或 whateve, all/anything that 等。

  1、Such as have knowledge and skillwill not want to work. (相當(dāng)于those who

  have knowledge and skill)

  有知識和技能的人不愁沒有工作。

  2、Such as alter in a momentwin no credit in a month.(相當(dāng)于those who

  alterin a moment)

  那些朝令夕改的人是不會獲得人們長久信任的。

  3、Associate withsuch as will improve your manner. (相當(dāng)于those who will

  improve your manner)

  要或那些能提高你禮貌修養(yǎng)的人交往。

  4、Such as remains after taxwill be yours when I die.(相當(dāng)于what remains

  after tax)

  我死以后全部財產(chǎn)除了稅以外都給你。

  5、You may choosesuch asyou prefer. (相當(dāng)于what you need)

  你可挑選自己想要的東西。

  6、I haven’t much many specimens but I will send yousuch asI have.(相當(dāng)于

  all that I have)

  我有的標(biāo)本不多,不過我愿把所有的標(biāo)本送你。

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